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All images © Joseph W. Dougherty/ECOLOGY.ORG unless noted otherwise.


© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_03_01_JD_2075.TIF
Species: Myristica fragrans Houtt.
Common: Nutmeg and Mace
Syn.: The seed is called nutmeg and the yellow to red aril covering the seed is called mace.
Range: Banda Islands, Eastern Indonesia (Moluccas).
Tax.: Myristicaceae >
Note: F. Used plant part: Nutmeg is not a nut, but the kernel of an apricot-like fruit. Mace is an ari...
KW: tropical food crops, tropical fruits, spices, medicinal plants

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_03_01_JD_2076.TIF
Species: Myristica fragrans Houtt.
Common: Nutmeg and Mace
Syn.: The seed is called nutmeg and the yellow to red aril covering the seed is called mace.
Range: Banda Islands, Eastern Indonesia (Moluccas).
Tax.: Myristicaceae >
Note: F. Used plant part: Nutmeg is not a nut, but the kernel of an apricot-like fruit. Mace is an ari...
KW: tropical food crops, tropical fruits, spices, medicinal plants

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_29_JD_5475.TIF
Species: Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal
Common: varigated yellow pond-lily, Cow lily, Yellow water lily
Syn.: Nuphar advena (Ait.) Ait. f. var. fraterna (Mill. & Standl.) Standl.; Nuphar variegata Dur.; Nym...
Range: Montana to Great Lakes and Eastern North America
Tax.: NYMPHAEACEAE > Nymphaeales > Polycarpicae (=Magnoliophyta) > Dicotyledoneae (=Magnoliopsida...
Note: F. Native Americans once used the roots, pounded into a mash while they were green and fresh, and a...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_29_JD_5477.TIF
Species: Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal
Common: varigated yellow pond-lily, Cow lily, Yellow water lily
Syn.: Nuphar advena (Ait.) Ait. f. var. fraterna (Mill. & Standl.) Standl.; Nuphar variegata Dur.; Nym...
Range: Montana to Great Lakes and Eastern North America
Tax.: NYMPHAEACEAE > Nymphaeales > Polycarpicae (=Magnoliophyta) > Dicotyledoneae (=Magnoliopsida...
Note: F. Native Americans once used the roots, pounded into a mash while they were green and fresh, and a...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_29_JD_5478.TIF
Species: Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal
Common: varigated yellow pond-lily, Cow lily, Yellow water lily
Syn.: Nuphar advena (Ait.) Ait. f. var. fraterna (Mill. & Standl.) Standl.; Nuphar variegata Dur.; Nym...
Range: Montana to Great Lakes and Eastern North America
Tax.: NYMPHAEACEAE > Nymphaeales > Polycarpicae (=Magnoliophyta) > Dicotyledoneae (=Magnoliopsida...
Note: F. Native Americans once used the roots, pounded into a mash while they were green and fresh, and a...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_29_JD_5481.TIF
Species: Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal
Common: varigated yellow pond-lily, Cow lily, Yellow water lily
Syn.: Nuphar advena (Ait.) Ait. f. var. fraterna (Mill. & Standl.) Standl.; Nuphar variegata Dur.; Nym...
Range: Montana to Great Lakes and Eastern North America
Tax.: NYMPHAEACEAE > Nymphaeales > Polycarpicae (=Magnoliophyta) > Dicotyledoneae (=Magnoliopsida...
Note: F. Native Americans once used the roots, pounded into a mash while they were green and fresh, and a...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_11_JD_4256.TIF
Species: Panax trifolius L.
Common: Dwarf Ginseng, Ground nut
Syn.: none
Range: Eastern North America
Tax.: Araliaceae (Ginseng family) > Apiales > Rosidae
Note: F. The members of the ginseng family have been prized since antiquity for the reputed medicinal an...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_11_JD_4257.TIF
Species: Panax trifolius L.
Common: Dwarf Ginseng, Ground nut
Syn.: none
Range: Eastern North America
Tax.: Araliaceae (Ginseng family) > Apiales > Rosidae
Note: F. The members of the ginseng family have been prized since antiquity for the reputed medicinal an...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_20_JD_4947.TIF
Species: Prunella vulgaris L.
Common: Common selfheal, Self-heal, healall, xu ku cao (Chinese), Utsubo gusa (Japanese)
Syn.: none; three valid subspecies
Range: North America
Tax.: Lamiaceae – Mint family
Note: F. Chinese medicine: used as an analgesic; treats urinary infections. Very astringent, thus commonl...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_20_JD_4948.TIF
Species: Prunella vulgaris L.
Common: Common selfheal, Self-heal, healall, xu ku cao (Chinese), Utsubo gusa (Japanese)
Syn.: none; three valid subspecies
Range: North America
Tax.: Lamiaceae – Mint family
Note: F. Chinese medicine: used as an analgesic; treats urinary infections. Very astringent, thus commonl...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_05_20_JD_4952.TIF
Species: Prunella vulgaris L.
Common: Common selfheal, Self-heal, healall, xu ku cao (Chinese), Utsubo gusa (Japanese)
Syn.: none; three valid subspecies
Range: North America
Tax.: Lamiaceae – Mint family
Note: F. Chinese medicine: used as an analgesic; treats urinary infections. Very astringent, thus commonl...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_12_08_JD_0106.jpg
Species: Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz.
Common: Snakeroot, serpentine, Hindi: Chandrabhaga, Chota-chand, Sarpagandha; Bengali: Chandra; Marathi: Ha...
Syn.: Ophioxylon sepentinum L.
Range: tropical part of the Himalayas, the Indian peninsula, Sri Lanka, Burma, and Indonesia.
Tax.: Apocynaceae
Note: F. used for the treatment of various central nervous system disorders associated with psychosis, sc...
KW: tropical plants, medicinal or ethnobotanical uses

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_12_08_JD_0108.jpg
Species: Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz.
Common: Snakeroot, serpentine, Hindi: Chandrabhaga, Chota-chand, Sarpagandha; Bengali: Chandra; Marathi: Ha...
Syn.: Ophioxylon sepentinum L.
Range: tropical part of the Himalayas, the Indian peninsula, Sri Lanka, Burma, and Indonesia.
Tax.: Apocynaceae
Note: F. used for the treatment of various central nervous system disorders associated with psychosis, sc...
KW: tropical plants, medicinal or ethnobotanical uses

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_12_08_JD_0109.jpg
Species: Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz.
Common: Snakeroot, serpentine, Hindi: Chandrabhaga, Chota-chand, Sarpagandha; Bengali: Chandra; Marathi: Ha...
Syn.: Ophioxylon sepentinum L.
Range: tropical part of the Himalayas, the Indian peninsula, Sri Lanka, Burma, and Indonesia.
Tax.: Apocynaceae
Note: F. used for the treatment of various central nervous system disorders associated with psychosis, sc...
KW: tropical plants, medicinal or ethnobotanical uses

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_10_JD_3409.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_10_JD_3411.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_10_JD_3412.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_10_JD_3413.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_28_JD_3538.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_28_JD_3539.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_28_JD_3542.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2003_04_28_JD_3546.TIF
Species: Sanguinaria canadensis L.
Common: Bloodroot, blood root, red puccoon
Syn.: Sanguinaria canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Fedde

Range: Eastern North America (Canada to Texas & Florida)
Tax.: PAPAVERACEAE > Papaverales > Polycarpicae > Dicotyledoneae > Angiospermae > Spermatop...
Note: F. Sanguinarine, Bloodroot's primary alkaloid, is used in commercial toothpastes and mouthwashes b...
KW: native American medicinal plants, wildflowers of Michigan, native North American plants flowers

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 20010916D7756.jpg
Species: Spathodea campanulata
Common: African tulip tree, flame of the forest, fountaintree, fireball, African tuliptree
Syn.: n/a
Range: Native to tropical West Africa; widely cultivated
Tax.: BIGNONIACEAE > Scrophulariales > Asteridae > Dicotyledoneae (=Magnoliopsida)
Note: F. The bark, flowers and leaves are used in traditional medicine in Western Africa.

KW: tropical plants, Flowers of Maui, tropical trees, medicinal or ethnobotanical uses, tropical crops

© Joseph W. Dougherty
Asset: 2001_11_04_D8622.TIF
Species: Spathodea campanulata
Common: African tulip tree, flame of the forest, fountaintree, fireball, African tuliptree
Syn.: n/a
Range: widely cultivated in subtropical, tropical regions
Tax.: BIGNONIACEAE > Scrophulariales > Asteridae > Dicotyledoneae (=Magnoliopsida)
Note: F. The bark, flowers and leaves are used in traditional medicine in Western Africa. Although not t...
KW: tropical trees, ornamentals, medicinal plants


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